Anatomic and tumor-specific factors play dominant roles in clinical decision-making. Select examples include eyelid tumor position directing the postresection method of repair (see Chapter 37), orbital optic nerve sheath obstruction requiring slotted plaques (see Chapter 18) to completely cover juxtapapillary intraocular tumors, and the shape of the orbit affecting the orbitotomy approach. In consideration of the basic anatomy of the eyeball, the adnexa, and the orbit, this chapter highlights select salient anatomical features that affect tumor growth, metastasis (regional or distant), diagnosis, and management.